Thousands of immigrants to lose Medicare coverage in new year

As 2026 draws to a close, a significant change in Medicare eligibility is on the horizon, set to impact thousands of immigrants who have lawfully resided and paid taxes in the United States. Under a new law, H.R. 1, many individuals who previously qualified for and received Medicare coverage will lose their benefits beginning February 1, 2027 [Medicare Rights Center].

This legislative change marks a departure from longstanding policy that historically granted Medicare eligibility to anyone who had paid sufficient Social Security and Medicare taxes through their wages, regardless of their specific immigration status, as long as they had legal residency [Medicare Rights Center].

Who Is Affected?

The new law, H.R. 1, narrows the scope of Medicare eligibility. Starting next year, only American citizens and nationals, lawful permanent residents (often called green card holders), Cuban and Haitian entrants, and lawful residents from Compact of Free Association (COFA) states will be eligible for Medicare [Medicare Rights Center].

This means that other immigrants with lawful status, including refugees, individuals with pending asylum applications, those with temporary protected status, and victims of crime or violence, will be excluded from the program. Even individuals who have been enrolled in Medicare for years under previous rules will find their coverage terminated [Medicare Rights Center]. It is important to note that Medicare already prohibited payment for care for anyone without legal resident status prior to this change [Medicare Rights Center].

Impact on Individuals and Families

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is being urged by organizations like the Medicare Rights Center to help mitigate the harms for those losing coverage. Specific recommendations include providing timely and ample notification to affected individuals and establishing an extended special enrollment period. This special enrollment period would be crucial for those whose immigration status might change in the future, allowing them to re-enroll if they become eligible again [Medicare Rights Center].

For many, the loss of Medicare coverage could mean a sudden gap in essential health care access. These individuals have often contributed to the system through their taxes for decades, making this change particularly challenging. Understanding the new eligibility criteria and preparing for potential changes in coverage is vital for affected families and individuals.

Next Steps for Those Impacted

If you believe you or a loved one might be affected by these changes, it is important to seek information. The Social Security Administration (SSA) was required by H.R. 1 to identify and notify immigrants who are losing coverage by July of this year [Medicare Rights Center]. Reviewing any communications from the SSA or Medicare carefully is a crucial first step. Consulting with an immigration attorney or a Medicare counseling service can also help clarify individual circumstances and explore potential options. These resources may be able to provide guidance on alternative health insurance options or address questions about specific eligibility situations.